Gothic architecture.
Architecture is the art of creating masterpieces, among which we live and which we admire every day. We pass by, not knowing how much effort, knowledge and talent invested in the seemingly ordinary in our opinion the building. In every age of the building and their architecture expressed the changes in society, in the formation of the state in public order and other things.
The term “Gothic” in the modern sense was first used by Giorgio Vasari to distinguish the Renaissance from the middle Ages. Gothic architecture originated in 1150 – 1550, in the North of France. This style not only architecture but also painting, sculpture, murals, etc., in the late Medieval period. It spread across Western and Central Europe, to a lesser extent in Eastern Europe. In part, it arose out of German culture. Also contributed to the emergence of a new style and Islamic culture, with its Crusades and products. This style is, first of all, the religious undertones that characterizes the Christian worldview. Gothic style became the platform for the displacement of feudalism because they were under pressure from the “free cities”. This contributed to the development of trade and craftsmanship in these cities, which in turn helped to gain Finance for construction,in addition to craft shops were preparing qualified specialists.
At that time in Western Europe dominated by the Roman Catholic faith, and have grown considerably the number of the population was crowded into churches, built in the Romanesque style. Gothic architectural type became the Cathedral is able to accommodate almost the entire population at once. Buildings in this style are typical frame system, which allows you to create an unprecedented high and spacious building. Characteristic features were delicate tower (157 m), high arches, Windows and portals, as well as decorative parts: openwork “wierenga” turret “jugs” curls “crabs”, round box with cover “roses.” Light coming through the colored stained glass Windows, giving a feeling of infinite space moving. The Foundation of the Cathedral – a skeleton of pillars and Lancet arches on which they relied. The cross vault was developed on the “ribs” (ribs). Making out the design elements creates a feeling of lightness and freedom of the interior.
