The Gothic Cathedral
The Gothic Cathedral contains in itself the whole world of the medieval city, is an encyclopedia. The Gothic temperamental and dramatic, and stressful life of the medieval city. The birthplace of Gothic architecture was France, a little later it spread into Germany (Cologne Cathedral, “brick Gothic”), England (Westminster Abbey in London), Czech Republic (St. Vitus Cathedral) and other countries of the Catholic world.
The most famous cathedrals in France dedicated to our lady: Notre Dame u Amiens, Chartres, Rouen and, of course, in Reims and Paris. It’s “a huge stone Symphony” (V. Hugo) with complex sculptural decoration, where each element of the architecture “humanized”, is inhabited by various living creatures, and the Gothic statue is a striking expression of inspired ecstasy, which transforms, ennobles emaciated bodies. After all, in the Gothic art expressed itself, the third estate, with its dreams and suffering, despair and hope.
In the temple synthesis of arts, in the creation of the image of God the world trailing dot put music. The development of Church music was based on monophonic chants a prayer in Latin Gregorian chant (set of chants was created on the initiative of Pope Gregory I). With the IX century recognized the authority that came to Europe from Byzantium. Later, based on the melodies of Gregorian chant occurs in polyphonic music and motets of the Catholic mass. Vozvysheniya Gregorian chant inspired in the XVIII century the great J. S. Bach.
Medieval art culture is a complex, dramatically paced and both closed within the class hierarchy and “geocentric” image of the world. The middle ages belongs to one of the most dramatic pages of the great books about the Man, which makes the history of Art.
The art of India, China and Japan belongs to the artistic culture of the peoples of the East. They share similar paths of historical development, and the spread in these countries of Buddhism, which influenced the emergence of new art at the turn of antiquity and the middle ages. This art was distinguished by the breadth of the reality, awareness profound relationship of man and nature, a lot of emotional intensity. Indian sculpture, Chinese landscape painting, Japanese monasteries and gardens — these are only some famous examples.
