different
Facilities for surface water intake
Complex structures, which serve to extract water from the source is called the water intake. Depending on the source water supply intake structures are distinguished:
a) coastal;
b) run-of-river;
b) reservoir;
d) lacustrine;
d) marine.
According to the degree of stationarity of the intakes are divided into stationary and non-stationary (floating, travelling). By purpose are divided into technical and drinking. Duration of operation – permanent and temporary. Technological and design features – bucket, power, combined, etc. By location of receiving waters – coastal and bed. The required reliability of water supply in accordance with the instructions of SNiP II-31-74. The performance of small (less than 1 m 3 /h), medium (from 1 to 6 m 3 /h) and large (more than 6 m 3 /h). Continue reading
Gothic cathedrals
Gothic, Gothic style arose and dominated the Western artistic culture immediately after romance. Gothic art originated in France around 1140 years and spread throughout Europe in the next century. The term “Gothic” applied to the late, high or classical ages. Gothic style served primarily the Church. The Gothic period is considered to be one of the greatest in the history of European art and culture.
Gothic style is most clearly represented in the architecture.
A characteristic feature of the Gothic style steel ribbed vaults. The medieval churches of the Romanesque style had a powerful stone arches, which were very heavy. They sought to shore, to push the walls outward, which could bring down the building. To keep such arches, the walls of the Romanesque buildings had to be thick and heavy. At the beginning of the 12th century, masons developed the ribbed vaults: slender stone arches, placed diagonally, transversely and longitudinally. These arches could rely just on columns, walls ceased to be load-bearing structures. In the construction so there was a real revolution. Continue reading
Gothic furniture
Suppose you want to arrange a room or office in this Gothic style. Well, the desire is quite commendable: the Gothic style is one of the most recognizable and distinctive art styles, it has some solemnity, festivity, and, however, the monumentality, in which everyone will see what he likes. Someone pleasing vaulted ceiling, some gorgeous stained glass, somebody paid tribute to the Gothic chest or chair, and someone even dare to enter in daily use carved Cabinet bookcase.
The European Gothic style, as an aesthetic tradition in architecture and design originated as an alternative to the Romanesque style: heavy, solid, pragmatic. Built and decorated in the Gothic style monasteries, churches, the town hall have a more elegant silhouette, filled with sculptures, arches, polarome-flying buttresses, ornate carvings, stained glass Windows, etc.
The building, built in the Gothic style, as if towards the sky (this was possible due to the newly invented system of frame construction), there are high Windows, the spires which crown the roof, and inside the room are made out by painting on wood or frescoes, tapestries, fine Flemish carpets. Respectively, the Gothic furniture is simple, elegant, but also subject to the same artistic canons: vaulted ceiling, patterned ornaments, carving in the shape of leaves, shields, and roses. Continue reading
