architectural
Fortifications
Founded in the year 1044 by Prince Yaroslav . Novgorod Kremlin — the oldest surviving in Russia Kremlins.
The history of the first Novgorod fortress dates back to the mid XI century . It was located on a small hill between two ravines where is now the Cathedral of St. Sophia with the adjacent area. When the princes of Novgorod, Vladimir Yaroslavich and Mstislav Vladimirovich (XI-XII century), the Kremlin has expanded and reached today’s size. Since ancient times there has been massive ramparts, on which at the end of the XV century were built stone walls and towers on the Italian sample.
To walk round the Kremlin in just half an hour. The length of its walls is 1350 m . the thickness reaches four. Of the twelve nine towers have survived . Five (the number of all administrative districts of Novgorod the Great) of them were travel and was a small architectural ensembles: a tower, gate Church. Continue reading
Pyramids of Giza – the history of the ancient monument of Egypt
Normally, under the concept of “pyramids of Giza” modern man understands only the complex of the three largest buildings of Khufu, khafra and menkaura. However, it is supplemented by a large number of smaller pyramids, temples, ancient cemeteries and, of course, the legendary Sphinx.
The history of the pyramids in Giza
The exact dates of construction of these monuments still can not say anything definite. However, there is no doubt that the construction of the entire complex in Giza valley was completed to the XXIII century BC that is the age of the youngest of the monument goes back at least 3200 years.
Initially, the shape of the pyramids was quite different than now. The main entrances to the tombs were built covered galleries connecting them with churches. But the main thing – the giant stone faces of graves covered the shining of Tura limestone, the thickness of which was about one meter. Continue reading
